Rayon Fibre

Cuprammonium Rayon threads from trickle reputation AAKASH NARAYAN XII-B beginner BOSCO SCHOOL i. n. d. e. x 1. Objective 2. Certificate 3. Acknowledgement 4. Apparatus 5. Chemicals 6. abridgment 7. Introduction 8. Procedure 9. Precautions 10. Bibliography o. b. j. e. c. t. i. v. e To make Cuprammonium Rayon Threads From Filter Paper c. e. r. t. i. f. i. c. a. t. eThis is to certify that Aakash Narayan, student of Class XII B,father Bosco School ,Alaknanda has stainless the project titled Cuprammonium Rayon Threads from Filter Paper during the academic twelvemonth 2010-2011, towards partial fulfilment of credit for the chemistry practical evaluation of CBSE Board, and submitted fair to middling report, as compiled in the following pages, under my supervision. This project is absolutely surely and does not indulge in plagiarism of any kind.The references taken in making this project have been decl atomic number 18d at the end of this report. Ms. Cecilia Manichan Don Bosco Schoo l, Alaknanda a. c. k. n. o. w. l. e. d. g. e. m. e. n. t There be times when silence speaks so frequently more loudly than wordsofpraise to only as close as belittle a person, whose words do not express, only if only put a veneer over true feelings, which beofgratitude at this pointoftime.. I would like to express my candid gratitude to my chemistry teacher Ms. Cecilia Manichan ,for her vital support, guidance and encouragement without which this project would not have come-forth.I would excessively like to express my gratitude to the staff of the Department of chemical science atDon Bosco School for their support during the making of this project. I would also like to thank my partner ,my friend Gaurab Das Gupta helping me to finish the project. Aakash Narayan XII B, Don Bosco School a. p. p. a. r. a. t. u. s 1) Conical flask (250 ml) 2) funnel 3) Glass rod 4) Beaker (250 ml) 5) Water bath 6) Whatman Filter physical composition pic c. h. e. m. i. c. a. l. s 1) Copper Su lphate(CuSO4 ) 2) Caustic Soda Solution(NAOH) 3) Liquor ammonia upshot ) lade Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) 5) Whatman Paper 6) Distilled water (H2O) s. u. m. m. a. r. y Rayon is a cellulose-based synthetical fiber . it was originally called artificial silk or wood silk, because, it got Developed in an attempt to chemically produce silk. Rayon is a regenerated fiber. cellulose is converted to a pellucid compound and then back to cellulose in the form of fiber. cuprammonium rayon is obtained by fade out cellulose in ammoniacal copper sulphate solution. The rayon fibers have special characteristics They are highly absorbent, ?Soft and comfortable, ? Easy to dye & ? Drape well. i. n. t. r. o. d. u. c. t. i. o. n Cellulose is reputations own giant molecule. It is the fibrous strong that every adjust makes by baking glucose molecules in long chains, from seaweed to the sequoia the chains are bound together in the fibers that make up plants their shape and strength. Wood is the master( prenominal) source of cellulose. it contains 40% to 50% cellulose. the substance must be extracted by pulping. The logs are flaked, and then simmered in chemicals that dissolve the tarry lignin, resins and minerals.The remaining pulp, most 93% cellulose, is dried and rolled into sheets-raw material for paper, rayon and other products. It can be obtained in two ways 1. Viscose Process Cellulose is soaked in 30% caustic soda solution for about 3 hrs. The understructure solution is removed and the product is treated with carbon di-sulphide (CS2). This ca-cas cellulose xanthate, which is dissolved in caustic soda (NaOH) solution to give viscous solution. This is fall into placeed and forced by a spinneret into a slue sulphuric stinging (H2SO4) solution, both of which flavour the gum-like thread into rayon fibers.The process of making viscose was discovered by C. F. handle and E. J. Bevan in 1891. 2. Cuprammonium Rayon Cuprammonium rayon is obtained by dissolving pieces of filte r paper in a deep spicy solution containing tetra-ammine cupric hydrated oxide. The latter is obtained from a solution of copper sulphate (CuSO4). To it, ammonia solution (NH4OH) is added to come down cupric hydroxide (Cu(OH)2), which is then dissolved in excess of ammonia (NH3. ) Reactions CuSO4 + 2NH4OH Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 (Pale Blue Precipitate)Cu(OH) 2 + 4NH4OH Cu(NH3) 4(OH) 2 + 4H2O Cu(NH3) 4(OH) 2 + pieces of filter paper left for 10-15 days give a viscous solution called VISCOSE. p. r. o. c. e. d. u. r. e I. Preparation of Schweitzers Solution 1) Weigh 20g of CuSO4. 5H20. pic 2) Transfer this to a beaker having 100ml distilled water and add 15ml of dilute H2SO4 to prevent hydrolysis of CuSO4. pic 3) Stir it with a scrap rod till a clear solution is obtained. Add 11ml of liquor ammonia drop by drop with slow stirring. The go down of cupric hydroxide is separated out. pic ) Filter the solution containing cupric hydroxide through a funnel with filter paper. pic pic 5) Was h the precipitate of cupric hydroxide with water until the filtrate fails to give a positive test for sulphate ions with barium chloride solution. pic pic 6) Transfer the precipitate to a beaker that contains 50ml of liquor ammonia or wash it down the funnel. The precipitate when dissolved in liquor ammonia gives a deep blue solution of tetra-ammine cupric hydroxide. This is known as SCHWEITZERS SOLUTION. pic II. Preparation of Cellulose material ) After weighing 2g of filter paper divide it into very ticket pieces and then transfer these pieces to the tetra-ammine cupric hydroxide solution in the beaker. pic pic 2) cachet the flask and keep for 10 to 15 days, during this period the filter paper is dissolved completely. iii. Formation of Rayon Thread 1) Take 50ml of distilled water in a glass container. To this add 20ml of conc. Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) drop by drop. simmer down the solution under tap water. In a big glass container pour some of the solution. 2) Fill the syringe wi th cellulose solution prepared before. pic ) maneuver the big glass container containing H2SO4 solution produced before in ice (the answer being spontaneous results in excess release of energy in the form of heat which makes the fibers weak and breaks them). pic pic 4) Immerse the tip of the syringe in the solution and press gently. Notice the fibers getting formed in the acid bath. Continue to move your hand and keep pressing the syringe to make more fibers into the bath. 5) Leave the fibers in solution till they decolorize and aim strong enough. pic pic pic 6) Filter and wash with distilled water. . r. e. c. a. u. t. i. o. n. s 1) Addition of excess NH3 should be avoided. 2) Before taking the viscose in the syringe make sure that it does not contain any particles of paper, otherwise, it would clog the needle of the syringe. 3) Addition of NH3 should be done in a fume cupboard and with extreme care. The exhaust fumes if inhaled may cause giddiness. 4) Use a thick needle other wise the fibers wont come out. b. i. b. l. i. o. g. r. a. p. h. y I. Google. com II. Ask. com III. Wikipedia. com IV. ComprehensiveLaboratory manual in chemistry XII picpic